Установка и запуск на GitLab CI/CD, Docker, Linux и Buildah | CI/CD | Быстрый старт

Подготовка инфраструктуры

Требования

GitLab;
Хост для установки GitLab Runner, имеющий:
- Docker Engine.

Установка GitLab Runner

Установите GitLab Runner на выделенный для него хост, следуя официальным инструкциям.

Настройка окружения для сборки с Buildah

(Для Ubuntu 23.10 и выше) на хосте GitHub Runner запустите:

{ echo "kernel.apparmor_restrict_unprivileged_userns = 0" && echo "kernel.apparmor_restrict_unprivileged_unconfined = 0";} | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.d/20-apparmor-donotrestrict.conf && sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/20-apparmor-donotrestrict.conf

Регистрация GitLab Runner

Для регистрации GitLab Runner в GitLab следуйте официальным инструкциям, указав Docker в качестве executor’а и любой образ в качестве image (например, alpine).

Настройка GitLab Runner

На хосте GitLab Runner’а откройте его конфигурационный файл config.toml и добавьте зарегистрированному ранее GitLab Runner’у следующие опции:

[[runners]]
  name = "<имя зарегистрированного Runner'а>"
  [runners.docker]
    security_opt = ["seccomp:unconfined", "apparmor:unconfined"]
    volumes = ["/home/build/.werf"]

Если хост GitLab Runner’а имеет версию ядра Linux 5.12 или ниже, то установите на хост fuse и добавьте в файл config.toml ещё одну опцию:

[[runners]]
  name = "<имя зарегистрированного Runner'а>"
  [runners.docker]
    devices = ["/dev/fuse"]

При желании произведите дополнительную конфигурацию GitLab Runner’а.

Конфигурация container registry

Включите сборщик мусора вашего container registry.

Подготовка системы к кроссплатформенной сборке (опционально)

Данный шаг требуется только для сборки образов для платформ, отличных от платформы системы, где запущен werf.

Регистрируем в системе эмуляторы с помощью образа qemu-user-static:

docker run --restart=always --name=qemu-user-static -d --privileged --entrypoint=/bin/sh multiarch/qemu-user-static -c "/register --reset -p yes && tail -f /dev/null"

Настройка проекта

Настройка проекта GitLab

Включите требование удачно выполненного pipeline для merge requests.
Включите возможность автоматически отменять лишние pipelines.
Создайте и сохраните access token для очистки ненужных образов из container registry со следующей конфигурацией:
- Token name: werf-images-cleanup;
- Role: developer;
- Scopes: api.
В переменных проекта добавьте следующие переменные:
- Версия werf:
  - Key: WERF_VERSION;
  - Value: 2 stable;
- Access token для очистки ненужных образов:
  - Key: WERF_IMAGES_CLEANUP_PASSWORD;
  - Value: <сохранённый "werf-images-cleanup" access token>;
  - Protect variable: yes;
  - Mask variable: yes.
Добавьте плановое задание на каждую ночь для очистки ненужных образов в container registry, указав ветку main/master в качестве Target branch.

Конфигурация CI/CD проекта

Так может выглядеть репозиторий, использующий werf для сборки и развертывания:

.helm

src

.gitignore

.gitlab-ci.yml

Taskfile.yaml

app.Dockerfile

sources.Dockerfile

werf-giterminism.yaml

werf.yaml

/.werf-deploy-report.json
/.werf-build-report.json
/.werf_secret_key

stages:
  - build
  - test
  - review
  - qa
  - staging
  - staging-smoke
  - prod
  - prod-smoke
  - cleanup

variables:
  ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "false"
  ENABLE_APPS_IMAGES: "false"
  ENABLE_IMAGE_SOURCES: "false"
  WERF_REQUIRE_BUILT_IMAGES: "true"

workflow:
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH && $CI_OPEN_MERGE_REQUESTS && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push"
      when: never
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, mr]
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH && $CI_OPEN_MERGE_REQUESTS
      when: never
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, tag]
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main]

default:
  image:
    name: "registry.werf.io/werf/werf:2-stable"
    pull_policy: always
  tags:
    - "<GitLab Runner>"

.scripts:
  setup_werf: |
    source "$(werf ci-env gitlab --as-file)"

.rules:
  if:
    main: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH
    main_schedule: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "schedule"
    main_no_schedule: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE != "schedule"
    mr: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event"
    mr_no_schedule: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event"&& $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE != "schedule"
    main_or_mr: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH || $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event"
    main_or_mr_no_schedule: ($CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH || $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event") && $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE != "schedule"
    tag: $CI_COMMIT_TAG
    schedule: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "schedule"
    no_schedule: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE != "schedule"

.artifacts:
  deploy_report:
    paths:
      - .werf-deploy-report.json
    when: always

.dismiss:
  script:
    - werf dismiss --with-namespace --use-deploy-report
  environment:
    action: stop
  interruptible: false
  timeout: null

.build:
  stage: build
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  timeout: 30m
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_or_mr_no_schedule]

images:apps:build:
  extends:
    - .build
  script:
    - werf build app

image:sources:build:
  extends:
    - .build
  script:
    - werf build sources

.test:simple:
  stage: test
  needs:
    - image:sources:build
  variables:
    ENABLE_IMAGE_SOURCES: "true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_or_mr_no_schedule]

app:lint:
  extends:
    - .test:simple
  script:
    - werf kube-run sources -- go-task lint
  timeout: 5m

app:unit:
  extends:
    - .test:simple
  script:
    - werf kube-run sources -- go-task test:unit
  coverage: '/Code coverage is \d+\.\d+/'
  timeout: 15m

app:integration:
  extends:
    - .test:simple
  script:
    - werf kube-run sources -- go-task test:integration
  coverage: '/Code coverage is \d+\.\d+/'
  timeout: 30m

.test:complex:
  stage: test
  needs:
    - images:apps:build
    - image:sources:build
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
    WERF_SET_TAGS_RELEASE: "tags.release=true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf converge --save-deploy-report
  resource_group: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
  artifacts: !reference [.artifacts, deploy_report]

e2e:short:
  extends:
    - .test:complex
  variables:
    WERF_SET_TAGS_E2E_SHORT: "tags.e2e-short=true"
  environment:
    name: e2e-short/${CI_PIPELINE_IID}
    on_stop: e2e:short:remove
  interruptible: true
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, mr_no_schedule]

e2e:short:remove:
  extends:
    - e2e:short
    - .dismiss
  needs:
    - e2e:short
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, mr_no_schedule]
      when: always
      allow_failure: true

e2e:long:
  extends:
    - .test:complex
  variables:
    WERF_SET_TAGS_E2E_LONG: "tags.e2e-long=true"
  environment:
    name: e2e-long/${CI_PIPELINE_IID}
    on_stop: e2e:long:remove
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]

e2e:long:remove:
  extends:
    - e2e:long
    - .dismiss
  needs:
    - e2e:long
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: always
      allow_failure: true

performance:
  extends:
    - .test:complex
  variables:
    WERF_SET_TAGS_PERFORMANCE: "tags.performance=true"
  environment:
    name: performance/${CI_PIPELINE_IID}
    on_stop: performance:remove
  resource_group: performance
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]

performance:remove:
  extends:
    - performance
    - .dismiss
  needs:
    - performance
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: always
      allow_failure: true

review:
  stage: review
  needs:
    - images:apps:build
    - image:sources:build
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
    WERF_SET_TAGS_RELEASE: "tags.release=true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf converge --save-deploy-report
  environment:
    name: review/${CI_MERGE_REQUEST_IID}
    on_stop: review:remove
    auto_stop_in: 3 days
  timeout: 30m
  interruptible: true
  resource_group: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
  artifacts: !reference [.artifacts, deploy_report]
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, mr_no_schedule]

review:remove:
  extends:
    - review
    - .dismiss
  needs:
    - review
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, mr_no_schedule]
      when: manual
      allow_failure: true

.qa:
  stage: qa
  needs:
    - app:lint
    - app:unit
    - app:integration
    - job: e2e:long
      artifacts: false
    - job: performance
      artifacts: false
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
    WERF_SET_TAGS_RELEASE: "tags.release=true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf converge --save-deploy-report
  environment:
    auto_stop_in: 3 days
  timeout: 30m
  resource_group: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
  artifacts: !reference [.artifacts, deploy_report]
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: manual

qa:eu:
  extends:
    - .qa
  environment:
    name: qa-eu/${CI_PIPELINE_IID}
    on_stop: qa:eu:remove

qa:eu:remove:
  extends:
    - qa:eu
    - .dismiss
  needs:
    - qa:eu
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: manual
      allow_failure: true

qa:us:
  extends:
    - .qa
  environment:
    name: qa-us/${CI_PIPELINE_IID}
    on_stop: qa:us:remove

qa:us:remove:
  extends:
    - qa:us
    - .dismiss
  needs:
    - qa:us
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: manual
      allow_failure: true

.staging:
  stage: staging
  needs:
    - app:lint
    - app:unit
    - app:integration
    - job: e2e:long
      artifacts: false
    - job: performance
      artifacts: false
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
    WERF_SET_TAGS_RELEASE: "tags.release=true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf converge
  resource_group: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: manual

staging:eu:
  extends:
    - .staging
  environment:
    name: staging-eu

staging:us:
  extends:
    - .staging
  environment:
    name: staging-us

.prod:
  stage: prod
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
    WERF_SET_TAGS_RELEASE: "tags.release=true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf converge
  resource_group: ${CI_ENVIRONMENT_SLUG}
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]
      when: manual

prod:eu:
  extends:
    - .prod
  needs:
    - staging:eu:smoke
  environment:
    name: prod-eu

prod:us:
  extends:
    - .prod
  needs:
    - staging:us:smoke
  environment:
    name: prod-us

.smoke:
  variables:
    ENABLE_IMAGE_SOURCES: "true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf kube-run sources -- go-task test:smoke
  timeout: 20m
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_no_schedule]

staging:eu:smoke:
  extends:
    - .smoke
  stage: staging-smoke
  needs:
    - staging:eu

staging:us:smoke:
  extends:
    - .smoke
  stage: staging-smoke
  needs:
    - staging:us

prod:eu:smoke:
  extends:
    - .smoke
  stage: prod-smoke
  needs:
    - prod:eu

prod:us:smoke:
  extends:
    - .smoke
  stage: prod-smoke
  needs:
    - prod:us

images:cleanup:
  stage: cleanup
  variables:
    ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES: "true"
  before_script:
    - !reference [.scripts, setup_werf]
  script:
    - werf cr login -u nobody -p "${WERF_IMAGES_CLEANUP_PASSWORD:?}" "${WERF_REPO:?}"
    - werf cleanup
  resource_group: cleanup-images
  rules:
    - if: !reference [.rules, if, main_schedule]

dependencies:
  - name: app
    version: 1.0.0
    tags:
      - app
      - apps
      - release
      - all
    export-values: &export-values
      - parent: werf
        child: werf
  - name: database
    version: 1.0.0
    condition: database.enabled
    tags:
      - database
      - infra
      - release
      - all
    export-values: *export-values
  - name: e2e-short
    version: 1.0.0
    tags:
      - e2e-short
      - tests
      - all
    export-values: *export-values
  - name: e2e-long
    version: 1.0.0
    tags:
      - e2e-long
      - tests
      - all
    export-values: *export-values
  - name: performance
    version: 1.0.0
    tags:
      - performance
      - tests
      - all
    export-values: *export-values

apiVersion: v2
name: app
version: 1.0.0

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: registrysecret
      containers:
        - name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
          image: {{ index $.Values.werf.image $.Chart.Name }}
          ports:
            - containerPort: 80

apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
spec:
  ingressClassName: nginx
  rules:
    - host: "{{ $.Release.Name }}.{{ $.Chart.Name }}.example.org"
      http:
        paths:
          - backend:
              service:
                name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
                port:
                  number: 80
            path: /
            pathType: Prefix

{{ if $.Release.IsInstall }}
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}-init-db-{{ $.Release.Revision }}
  annotations:
    werf.io/weight: "-20"
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: registrysecret
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
        - name: init-db
          image: {{ $.Values.werf.image.sources }}
          command: ["go-task", "db:init"]
{{ end }}

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}-migrate-db-{{ $.Release.Revision }}
  annotations:
    werf.io/weight: "-10"
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: registrysecret
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
        - name: migrate-db
          image: {{ $.Values.werf.image.sources }}
          command: ["go-task", "db:migrate"]

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: {{ $.Chart.Name }}
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 80
  selector:
    app: {{ $.Chart.Name }}

apiVersion: v2
name: database
version: 1.0.0

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: db
  annotations:
    werf.io/weight: "-30"
spec:
  serviceName: db
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: db
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: db
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: db
          image: alpine:3.17
          command: ["tail", "-f", /dev/null]

apiVersion: v2
name: e2e-long
version: 1.0.0

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: test-e2e-long-{{ $.Release.Revision }}
  annotations:
    werf.io/weight: "10"
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: registrysecret
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
        - name: test-e2e-long
          image: {{ $.Values.werf.image.sources }}
          command: ["go-task", "test:e2e:long"]

apiVersion: v2
name: e2e-short
version: 1.0.0

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: test-e2e-short-{{ $.Release.Revision }}
  annotations:
    werf.io/weight: "10"
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: registrysecret
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
        - name: test-e2e-short
          image: {{ $.Values.werf.image.sources }}
          command: ["go-task", "test:e2e:short"]

apiVersion: v2
name: performance
version: 1.0.0

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: test-performance-{{ $.Release.Revision }}
  annotations:
    werf.io/weight: "10"
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
        - name: registrysecret
      restartPolicy: Never
      containers:
        - name: test-performance
          image: {{ $.Values.werf.image.sources }}
          command: ["go-task", "test:performance"]

dependencies:
- name: app
  repository: ""
  version: 1.0.0
- name: database
  repository: ""
  version: 1.0.0
- name: e2e-short
  repository: ""
  version: 1.0.0
- name: e2e-long
  repository: ""
  version: 1.0.0
- name: performance
  repository: ""
  version: 1.0.0
digest: sha256:efce1b655fce8c8bf7f1739dc34a98fed3dad7943cef39bd6829aeaee34c03e9
generated: "2023-02-08T12:17:50.931015996+03:00"

{{ $chartsTagNames := dict }}
{{- range $.Chart.Dependencies }}
{{- if .Alias }}
{{- $_ := set $chartsTagNames .Alias .Tags }}
{{- else }}
{{- $_ := set $chartsTagNames .Name .Tags }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}

{{- range $chartsTagNames.app }}
{{- if dig . false $.Values.tags }}
Application: https://{{ $.Release.Name }}.app.example.org
{{- break }}
{{- end }}
{{- end }}

tags:
  all: false

version: "3"

tasks:
  build:
    cmds:
      # Here be building your app:
      - cp src/main.sh app.sh
  run:
    cmds:
      # Here be running your app:
      - ./app.sh
  lint:
    cmds:
      # Here be your linter:
      - echo Lint completed.
  test:unit:
    cmds:
      # Here be your unit tests:
      - echo Unit tests completed. Code coverage is 12.34%
  test:integration:
    cmds:
      # Here be your integration tests:
      - echo Integration tests completed. Code coverage is 43.21%
  test:e2e:short:
    cmds:
      # Here be your short E2E tests:
      - echo Short E2E tests completed.
  test:e2e:long:
    cmds:
      # Here be your long E2E tests:
      - echo Long E2E tests completed.
  test:performance:
    cmds:
      # Here be your performance tests:
      - echo Performance tests completed.
  test:smoke:
    cmds:
      # Here be your smoke tests:
      - echo Smoke tests completed.
  db:init:
    cmds:
      # Here be your DB initialization:
      - echo DB initialized.
  db:migrate:
    cmds:
      # Here be your DB migrations:
      - echo DB migrated.

FROM alpine:3.17 as builder
WORKDIR /app
RUN apk add go-task
COPY . .
RUN go-task build

FROM alpine:3.17
WORKDIR /app
RUN apk add nmap-ncat go-task
COPY --from=builder /app/app.sh /app/Taskfile.yaml ./
CMD ["go-task", "run"]

FROM alpine:3.17
WORKDIR /src
RUN apk add go-task
COPY . .

#!/bin/sh

while true; do
    printf "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\n\nHello world.\n" | ncat -lp 80
done

giterminismConfigVersion: 1
config:
  goTemplateRendering:
    allowEnvVariables:
      - ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES
      - ENABLE_APPS_IMAGES
      - ENABLE_IMAGE_SOURCES

configVersion: 1
project: myproject

{{- if or (env "ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES" | eq "true") (env "ENABLE_APPS_IMAGES" | eq "true") }}
---
image: app
dockerfile: ./app.Dockerfile
{{- end }}

{{- if or (env "ENABLE_ALL_IMAGES" | eq "true") (env "ENABLE_IMAGE_SOURCES" | eq "true") }}
---
image: sources
dockerfile: ./sources.Dockerfile
{{- end }}

Дополнительно:

Добавьте для werf cleanup опции авторизации в container registry, следуя инструкциям.